Background: Laryngoscopy and intubation induce significant haemodynamic changes, which can lead to complications, particularly in high-risk patients. This prospective randomized comparative study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) Dexmedetomidine and IV Esmolol in attenuating these haemodynamic responses in patients undergoing elective surgeries in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A total of 60 patients, aged 18–60 years, undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups, each consisting of 30 patients. Group I received IV Dexmedetomidine, and Group II received IV Esmolol. Haemodynamic parameters, including heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure, were measured before, during, and after laryngoscopy and intubation. Intraoperative analgesic requirements and side effects such as bradycardia and hypotension were also recorded. Results: Patients who received Dexmedetomidine exhibited a significantly more stable haemodynamic profile, with lesser increases in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure during and after laryngoscopy and intubation compared to the Esmolol group. Additionally, the requirement for intraoperative analgesics and inhalational agents was significantly lower in the Dexmedetomidine group. The incidence of bradycardia and hypotension was notably lower in the Dexmedetomidine group as well. Conclusion: IV Dexmedetomidine is superior to IV Esmolol in attenuating the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. It offers better control over heart rate and blood pressure, making it an effective option for ensuring haemodynamic stability during elective surgeries under general anaesthesia.
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2022: 6.012
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