MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF NUTRIENT FORAMINA IN THE DRY HUMAN RADII

Aim: To study the morphology of nutrient foramina in the dry human radii. Objective: To study the location, direction of nutrient foramina of dry human radii and its significance during orthopaedic surgeries. Background: The radius or radial bone is one of the two large bones of the forearm, the other being the ulna. The radius bone extends from the lateral side of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna, which exceeds is a long bone, prism shaped and slightly curved longitudinally. The joints, the elbow and the wrist. At the elbow, it joins with the capitulum of the humerus and in a separate region with the ulna at the radial notch. At the wrist the radius forms a joint with the ulna bone


A B S T R A C T
Aim: To study the morphology of nutrient foramina in the dry human radii. Objective: To study the location, direction of nutrient foramina of dry human radii and its significance during orthopaedic surgeries. Background: The radius or radial bone is one of the two large bones of the forearm, the other being the ulna. The radius bone extends from the lateral side of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna, which exceeds is a long bone, prism shaped and slightly curved longitudinally. The joints, the elbow and the wrist. At the elbow, it joins with the capitulum of the humerus and in a separate region with the ulna at the radial notch. At the wrist the radius forms a joint with the ulna bone adapt to their mechanical environment and from a fetal age adapt to the presence of naturally occurring holes [1] .Radius [fore arm bone] lies by the side of ulna on outer side of fore arm [2]. The upper part of bone presents a nutrient canal which transmits nutrient artery [3]. Nutrient canal is directed upwards in radius [4]. The nutrient artery is the principle source of blood supply to a long bone and is particularly important during its active growth period in the embryo and fetus as well as during the [5]. During childhood, the nutrient arteries provide 70% to 80 % of the interosseous blood supply to long bones[6]. It has been suggested that the direction of the nutrient foramina is determined by the growing end of the The topographical knowledge of these nutrient foramina is useful in operative procedures to preserve the circulation [8]. The aim of the present investigation is to study the morphology of nutrient foramina in the dry human radius The study was conducted in The Department of Anatomy, Chennai. 35 dry human radii was were selected for the study, of which 15 were right radii and 20 [1]. Bones were cleaned thoroughly. The pathological deformities, damaged and unossified were excluded from the study [2].
The nutrient foramina were observed in all the bones with help of a hand lens [3]. They were identified by their elevated margins and by the presence of a distinct groove proximal to them [4]. The distance of nutrient foramina from its upper end and lower end were measured with the help of a vernier calipe [5]r. The average lower ends are tabulated separately for right and left radius bones. [6]

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
From the bones observed, there is no accessory foramen.

MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF NUTRIENT FORAMINA IN THE DRY HUMAN RADII
To study the morphology of nutrient foramina in the dry human radii.
To study the location, direction of nutrient foramina of dry human radii and its The radius or radial bone is one of the two large bones of the forearm, the other being the ulna. The radius bone extends from the lateral side of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna, which exceeds it in length and size. It is a long bone, prism shaped and slightly curved longitudinally. The radius is a part of two , the elbow and the wrist. At the elbow, it joins with the capitulum of the humerus and radial notch. At the wrist the radius forms a joint The nutrient foramina were observed in all the bones with [3]. They were identified by their elevated margins and by the presence of a distinct groove proximal to [4]. The distance of nutrient foramina from its upper end and lower end were measured with the help of a sliding average distances from upper and lower ends are tabulated separately for right and left radius

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
From the bones observed, there is no accessory foramen.

Research Article
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Maximum distance measured from the upper end is-10.5 cm. Minimum distance measured from the upper end is-6.1cm. Maximum distance measured from the lower end is-16.5cm. Minimum distance measured from the lower end is-12cm.

CONCLUSION
The knowledge about the nutrient foramina is useful in certain surgical procedures to preserve the circulation. Any orthopaedic surgery needs a thorough knowledge about the anatomy of the bone. Nutrient foramina and its position is very important to retain and maintain the nourishment of the bone. So, the position of the foramina and its study is very important in any orthopaedic surgery.